CONUNDRUM: How can a predominantly religious country be tolerant towards a type of violence that seems to be part of its society? Pretoria University’s Dr Annelie Botha interrogates this issue…

By Annelie Botha

Statistics indicate that South Africa is a religious country, with the population professing to belonging to one or other religion. Statistics also indicate that South African society has one of the highest rates of gender-based violence (GBV) against women in the world.

When reading these two statistics together, the contradiction should be apparent. How can a predominantly religious country be tolerant towards a type of violence that seems to be part of its society?

This brings the following question to mind: is religion contributing to GBV, or is it playing a role in eradicating GBV? Religion can contribute to GBV through the roles that are often prescribed to men and women in society.

Religious texts are often used uncritically to promote male dominance and the submissiveness of women. This creates hierarchal power relations where power and control are exercised over women.

This legitimises violence against women because men, who are often the head of the household and family, have the right to control and exercise power (with violence) over those who, for them, should be submissive – women and children.

Within these power relations, women are often blamed for the anger and violence directed against them because they did something to make the man angry or were somewhere that they were not supposed to be. In some cases, these power imbalances can fuel GBV by normalising unequal relationships and justifying control over women.

Certain religious teachings contribute to the stigmatisation of non-normative gender identities and sexual orientations, fostering an environment where discrimination and violence against individuals who do not conform to traditional gender norms are tolerated or even encouraged.

This exclusionary mindset can lead to a culture that justifies and normalises GBV against marginalised groups.

For religion to play a positive role in eradicating GBV, the focus of the narrative in roles and relationships should shift from power, violence and control to love, equality, compassion and respect, which are part of religious traditions.

Religious teachings that emphasise the sanctity of human life and the inherent dignity of every individual, irrespective of gender, can counteract the teachings of dominance and violence. These values can form the foundation for creating societies that reject violence, encouraging believers to treat others with kindness and compassion.

By integrating messages of gender equality into religious teachings, leaders can influence their congregations positively. Progressive interpretations of religious texts can challenge patriarchal interpretations, fostering an environment that supports gender equity.

Religious institutions can provide a support system for individuals facing domestic violence, acknowledging the prevalence of GBV and helping victims. By creating safe spaces within religious communities, survivors are more likely to come forward, break the silence surrounding abuse and access the help they need.

While it is essential to acknowledge instances where religious teachings have been misused to justify GBV, it’s equally crucial to recognise the positive contributions that many faith traditions can make in preventing such violence.

By leveraging the moral foundations provided by religion, communities can work towards creating societies that reject violence and promote equality for all.

Botha is a senior lecturer in Practical Theology and Pastoral Care & Counselling at the University of Pretoria.

Homecoming Revolution: A Journey Back to Heart of SA

TAPESTRY: In the mosaic of life, certain moments stand out as transformative, shaping our understanding of where we come from. In this article, SA businessman Ian Pettey shares his thoughts on a SA at the intersection of a global phenomenon — a Homecoming Revolution…

By Ian Pettey

This isn’t merely a statistical trend; it’s a narrative etched in personal stories, a journey back to the heart of South Africa. From the allure of the African lifestyle to the challenges propelling individuals back from the UK, USA, and Australia, to the tapestry of emotions that define this unique movement – this being a discourse on the Homecoming Revolution, as witnessed through the lens of my being personally deeply invested in the stories of those choosing to make South Africa their home once again.

In the aftermath of a world shaken by the relentless waves of the Covid-19 pandemic, a unique phenomenon has emerged — a global homecoming revolution. It’s a movement that sees individuals from all walks of life, from the bustling streets of the UK, to the sun-kissed landscapes of Australia and the sprawling cities of the USA, making the journey back to the heart of it all, South Africa.

South Africa, a land of stark contrasts and vibrant diversity, possesses an allure that transcends its challenges. It’s a place where one can experience the full spectrum of emotions in a single day — from the warmth of the perpetual sunshine to the thrill of a Woollies shopping spree and the tranquillity of a poolside braai. South Africa, it seems, invites you to love and hate it all at once, creating a unique tapestry of experiences that leaves an indelible mark on the soul.

For those returning, the desire to be close to friends and family often acts as a powerful magnet. It’s a pull that transcends borders and beckons people back to the familiar embrace of loved ones. The sense of purpose and belonging that South Africa instils is an intangible force, drawing many back to contribute to the growth and development of the nation they call home.

We cannot discuss the homecoming revolution without acknowledging the unparalleled lifestyle that South Africa offers. It’s a place where children can run barefoot on the grass, swim in the pool, and grow up with a connection to the outdoors that is becoming increasingly rare in other parts of the world.

And, despite a challenging exchange rate, the ZAR stretches further than the GBP (Great Britain Pound), adding an economic incentive to the already enticing lifestyle.

Moreover, as remote work becomes the norm and the African continent presents a plethora of opportunities, South Africa is emerging as a hub for innovative careers. With a critical skills shortage across various sectors — including IT, management consultancy, financial services, healthcare, and education — the prospect of making a meaningful impact in your home country becomes a compelling reason to return.

For those considering the return to South Africa, the decision is often influenced by the challenges faced in their current places of residence.

Embracing change amidst economic shifts: The escalating cost of living in the UK, with the stark choice between putting food on the table and heating the home, is a pressing concern. In a landscape where overall food prices rose by 12.8% in 2022, the prospect of returning to South Africa becomes increasingly attractive, especially when the GBP maintains its dominance over the ZAR.

Navigating challenges in housing: Australia, like other parts of the world, is grappling with a housing crisis, resulting in a 27% surge in people seeking help from homeless services. The shrinking rental market in metropolitan hubs and a lack of public service assistance drive many expats to consider returning home, where their Australian dollars can be leveraged to establish a new life.

Charting new paths amidst a changing landscape: In the USA, soaring property values and a housing shortage contribute to a cost-of-living crisis, making homeownership an elusive dream for many. Additionally, the alarming rise in mass shootings, with 38 recorded in the first month of 2023, adds a layer of concern. While South Africa faces its own crime challenges, the motivations behind mass shootings here are specific and often localised. The exorbitant cost of medical care is also a motivation to live elsewhere.

In the grand tapestry of the global homecoming revolution, South Africa stands as a beacon, attracting its people back with promises of connection, purpose, and an unparalleled way of life. As the world contends with uncertainties, the call of home resonates louder than ever, drawing a diverse array of individuals back to the heart of South Africa — a place where love and fear, joy and challenge coexist in a dance that is uniquely and undeniably South African. Welcome home.